Cracking of Francis runners during transient operation

The authors report on and analyse an unusual instance of runner cracking of a large low-head Francis turbine. The cracks were found to result from high hydraulic dynamic forces during transients; in particular during start-up, in conjunction with normally acceptable weld defects. Results of the diagnostic tests are presented, and recommendations are given for the avoidance of similar cracking in future units.

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Cracking of Francis runners during transient operation

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